ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de Otelo, epónimo del personaje de Shakespeare, es un término diagnóstico transnosológico que designa un cuadro caracterizado por delirios de infidelidad respecto a la pareja que, por consiguiente, puede acarrear actitudes celotípicas y conductas violentas hacia ella. En su forma pura, corresponde al trastorno delirante de infidelidad, pero también puede ser secundario a organicidad cerebral y a consumo de drogas. Métodos: Reporte de caso y revisión no sistemática de la literatura relevante. Presentación del caso: Varón de 26 arios con antecedente de consumo de drogas y víctima de maltrato infantil, 3 años antes había sufrido crisis convulsivas tónico-clónicas e hipertensión intracraneal, por lo que se sometió a una craneotomía, en la que se halló un tuberculoma cerebral frontal derecho. Tras un lapso, comenzó con delirios de infidelidad y conductas violentas hacia su pareja. Revisión de la literatura: Los celos delirantes se asocian, como otros delirios, a lesiones del lóbulo frontal derecho. Pese a la elevada y creciente prevalencia mundial de tuberculosis, no se han publicado casos de síndrome de Otelo secundario a tuberculoma cerebral. Conclusiones: El síndrome de Otelo, aunque no es la principal causa de violencia doméstica, puede asociarse con manifestaciones particularmente violentas y ser secundario a tuberculoma cerebral. Este es el primer caso de tal índole que se publica.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Othello syndrome, an eponym of Shakespeare's character, is a transnosological diagnostic term that designates a clinical picture characterised by the presence of delusions of infidelity with respect to a partner and that, consequently, can lead to typical jealousy attitudes and violent behaviour towards the partner. In its pure form, it corresponds to delusional disorder of infidelity, but it may also be secondary to brain organicity and drug use. Methods: Case report and non-systematic review of the relevant literature. Case presentation: A 26-year-old man, with a history of drug abuse and a victim of domestic violence as a child, presented with tonic-clonic seizures and intracranial hypertension three years ago, for which he underwent a craniotomy with the finding of a right frontal cerebral tuberculoma. After a lapse, he developed a clinical picture of delusions of infidelity regarding his partner and violent behaviour towards her. Literature review: Delusional jealousy is associated, like other delusions, with lesions of the right frontal lobe. Despite the high and growing prevalence of tuberculosis worldwide, there are no reported cases of Othello syndrome secondary to cerebral tuberculoma in the literature. Conclusion: Othello syndrome, although not the main cause of domestic violence, can be associated with particularly violent manifestations and be secondary to cerebral tuberculoma. This is the first published case of its kind.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Syndrome , Substance-Related Disorders , Jealousy , Schizophrenia, Paranoid , Seizures , Attitude , Prevalence , Domestic Violence , Intracranial Hypertension , Craniotomy , Diagnosis , Eponyms , Frontal LobeABSTRACT
Los síndromes de falsa identificación delirante (DMS, por su sigla en inglés) son trastornos neuropsiquiátricos poco frecuentes que se caracterizan por tener ideas delirantes respecto a la propia identidad y la de otras personas, animales o lugares conocidos por el paciente. Los principales DMS son el Síndrome de Capgras (SC), el de Fregoli, el de doble subjetivo y el de intermetamorfosis. Se presentan en contexto tanto de enfermedades psiquiátricas como en cuadros orgánicos. Distintos modelos han tratado de encontrar una explicación a los DMS, con aportes tanto desde la psicología como de las neurociencias. Entre las causas están enfermedades neurodegenerativas, cuadros psiquiátricos, alteraciones estructurales, efecto de drogas, y alteraciones metabólicas. El manejo depende de la patología de base y las características clínicas específicas. Esta revisión se centra específicamente en el SC, ya que dentro de los DMS, es el más frecuente y estudiado
Delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS) are rare neuropsychiatric disorders that are characterized by having delirious ideas regarding one's and other people, animals or places identity known by the patient. The main DMS are the Capgras syndrome, the Fregoli syndrome, the subjective double syndrome and the intermetamorphosis syndrome. They appear in context of both psychiatric illnesses and organic disorders. Different models have tried to find an explanation to the DMS, with contributions from both psychology and neurosciences. Among the causes are neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric symptoms, structural alterations, drug effects, and metabolic alterations. Management depends on the underlying pathology and the specific clinical characteristics. This review focuses specifically on the SC, since within the DMS, it is the most frequent and studied.
Subject(s)
Humans , Capgras Syndrome/diagnosis , Capgras Syndrome/etiology , Capgras Syndrome/therapy , Capgras Syndrome/epidemiology , Paranoid Disorders , Psychotic Disorders , Delirium , Dementia , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
O delírio parasitário (ou síndrome de Ekbom) é uma condição rara, onde o paciente apresenta uma forte convicção de que está infestado por pequenos parasitas ou organismos. Muitas vezes, os delírios são tão intensos que levam esses pacientes à automutilação. Relatamos aqui um caso de um senhor de 67 anos, isolado socialmente, solteiro, apresentando delírio parasitário em região perineal, culminando em lesões por automutilação.
Delusional parasitosis (or Ekbom's syndrome) is a rare condition, in which the patient has a strong conviction that he or she is infested by small parasites or organisms. These delusions are often so intense that they lead the patient to self-mutilation. We report a case of a 67-year-old man, socially isolated, single, with delusional parasitosis in the perineal area, culminating in self-mutilation lesions.